What type of dental materials are used in glass ionomer sealants?

Glass ionomer sealants are specifically made from glass ionomer cement materials. These materials are unique because they incorporate a mixture of glass powders and organic acids, which results in a chemical bond with the tooth structure. This bond is particularly beneficial for dental applications since it releases fluoride over time, providing additional protection against caries.

Glass ionomer sealants are often selected for their ability to adhere to moist tooth surfaces, making them particularly useful in situations where a dry environment cannot be maintained. Additionally, they are biocompatible and can help to protect the tooth from decay by sealing pits and fissures effectively.

The other materials listed do not share these characteristics. Composite resin materials are different formulations primarily used for restorations and bonding but lack the specific benefits associated with glass ionomer. Amalgam materials, which are metal-based, are used for restorative work, not as sealants. Porcelain materials are typically used for crowns and veneers, rather than as sealants in preventive dentistry.