How should enamel be prepared before sealant application?

The preparation of enamel before sealant application is crucial for ensuring the effective retention of the sealant. Cleaning the enamel surface removes debris, plaque, and other contaminants that might interfere with adhesion. Etching the enamel helps to create micro-roughness on the surface, which increases the mechanical interlocking between the sealant material and the tooth structure. This etching can be achieved through the application of a mild acid, often phosphoric acid, which enhances the microscopic texture of the enamel.

The enhancement of the enamel surface through cleaning and etching ultimately leads to improved retention of the sealant, which serves to protect the tooth from decay and other forms of damage. Proper preparation is a well-established practice in preventive dental care, aligning with the goal of maximizing sealant efficacy for long-term oral health.